STAT5

Synonym :

• Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 5

Structure/Function

Stat (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) family are transcription factor that had been found in the interferon sytem . At present, eight different Stats (Stat1alpha,Stat1beta,Stat2,Stat3,Stat4,Stat5a,Stat5b and Stat6) have been molecularly cloned. Stat proteins have common features, including SH2 and SH3 domains, that are important in protein-protein interactions. Stat proteins bind to cytokine receptor via interactions between phosphorylated tyrosine on the receptor and the SH2 domain of the Stat. Stat binding to receptor have been activated by JAK (Janus kinase). Activated Stat form homodimers or heterodimers and translocate into the nucleus, where they bind to their specific target sequences and control gene expression. Stat5 was initially identifed as mammary gland factor (MGF) regulated prolactin. Stat5 has the two members, Stat5a and Stat5b. Although Erythropoietin is known to activate Stat5 binding activity, it has been unclear whether Stat5a or Stat5b or both were activated.

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